Educational appliance.



L. T. FREEMAN.

EDUCATIONAL APPLIANCB.

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L. T. FREEMAN.

EDUCATIONAL APPLIANCE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 24, 1912.

1,093,690. Patented Apr. 21, 1914 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I. QOIOOLOIIM@ UNITED STATES OFFICE.

LABAN TAYLOR FREEMAN, 0F BROOKVILLE, MISSISSIPPI.

EDUCATIONAL APPLIANGE.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, LABAN T. FREEMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brookville, in the county of Noxubee and State ofMississippi, have invented a new and useful Educational Appliance; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the art of ealcu' lating devices, andparticularly to a machine, whereby adding and subtracting may beaccomplished without difficulty.

As some of the features of the invention, it is the aim to provide adevice having a series of stationary columns of numerals from 1 to 18inclusive, and a series of belts, each having a column of numerals from1 to 150 inclusive, and arranged to move parallel with the stationarycolumns, the belts adapted to be manipulated in such manner, thatproblems in addition and subtraction may be effected easily and withmechanical certainty.

The invention comprises further features and combinations of parts, ashereinafter set forth, shown in the drawings and claimed.

In the drawings t-Figure 1 is a perspective view of the calculatingdevice constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is anelevation showing the first step in a problem of addition. Fig. 3 is afragmentary view in elevation showing the second step. Fig. 4 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 3 showing the third step or the result of the addition.Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detailview of one of the belts. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail sectional view online 7 7 of Fig. 1.

Referring more especially to the drawings, 1 designates a box-likestructure, which may be of any desired dimension, suitable for thepurpose intended. The front face of the box is divided into six spacesby the lines 2, the spaces beinof denoted by the numerals 3. Adjacenttie lower portion of each line 2, a series of spaces e are provided, oneabove the other numbered from 1 to 18 inclusive, thereby constitutingstat-ionary columns of numerals. The lower portion of the front face ofthe box is pro vided with a series of slots alternating with the columnsof numerals 1 to 18, and through which slots the numbers (l to 150Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 24, 1912.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

Serial No. 716,857.

and below vare shafts 11, on which cog wheelsv 12 are rotatable. Thebelts 7 are provided with perforations 13 alternating with the numerals,1 to 150 inclusive of said belts. These belts engage the cog wheels, thecogs passing through the perforations 13, thereby preventing lateralmovement of the belt-s relative to the wheels. Furthermore, theseperforations serve to receive the point of a lead pencil, whereby thebelts may be moved. Before accomplishing a problem, 'the belts aredisposed so that the numerals 1 of the belts appear opposite thenumerals 1 of the stationary columns of numerals 1 to 18 inelusive.

If it is desired to add 222, 222 and 222, the total of which is 666, theoperator inserts a pencil point in the aperture just below the numeral 2of the first belt, which numeral v2 is opposite the numeral 2 of thestationary column 1 to 18 next to the first belt. rfhe belt is moveduntil the pencil engages the lower edge of the slot 8, and the numeral.2 will appear through the slot S. The operator then moves the secondand third belt likewise. The operator then inserts the pencil point inthe aperture just below the numeral 4C of the first belt which alsoappears opposite the numeral 2 of the first stationary column ofnumerals 1 to 18, moving the first belt until the pencil contacts withthe lower edge of the slot 8. The second and third belts are againlikewise moved, thus it will be seen that L11/1 appears through the slot`8 as shown in Fig. 3. rlhe operator then for the third and last timeinserts the pencil point in the aperture below the numeral (which is 6)of the first belt appearing opposite the numeral 2 of the firststationary column of the numerals 1 to 18 inclusive, moving the firstbelt as before, until the pencil contacts with the lower edge of theslot 8. The second and third belts for the third and last time arelikewise moved, in which case it will be seen that 666 appears throughthe slot 8 as shown in Fig. fl, which is the sum total of 222, 222 and222 If it is desired to add 256 and 124,

the operator inserts the pencil point in the aperture below the numeral(which is 6) appearing` opposite the numeral 6 in the stationary columnof numerals 1 to 18 moving the iii-st belt until the pencil contactswith the lower edge of the slot 8. The pencil is then inserted in theaperture of the second belt below the numeral (which is 5) opposite thenumeral 5 of the second column of stationary numerals 1 to 18 moving thesecond belt like the first. The pencil point is then inserted in theaperture of the third belt below the numeral (which is 2) opposite thenumeral 2 of the third column of stationary numerals 1 to 18. So far itwill be seen that 256 may appear through the opening or slot 8. Thepencil point is then inserted in the aperture of the first belt belowthe numeral (which is 4) ppposite the numeral 4 of the iirst stationarycolumn of numerals, moving the first belt as before, then it will beseen that 10 of the first belt may appear through the slot 8. It willnow be noted that it is necessary to carry the number 1 of this 10, inadding the second column of 256 and 124. in accomplishing this thepencil point is placed in the aperture below the numeral (which is 6)appearing opposite the numeral 1 (which is the numeral to be carried) ofthe second col'- umn of stationary numerals 1 to 18, moving` the secondbelt as before until the pencil engages the lower edge of the slot 8. Inthis way the numeral 1 is carried. Now to add the numeral 2 of 124, thepencil point is inserted in the aperture below the numeral (which is 8.)opposite the numeral 2 of the stationary column of numerals 1 to 18,moving the second belt as before, in which case number 8 will appearthrough the slot 8. The pencil point is then inserted in the aperturebelow the numeral (which is 8) of the third belt opposite the numeral 1(which is the number of the third column of 124 to be added) of thethird column of numerals 1 to 18, moving the third belt until the pencilcontacts with the lower edge of the slot 8. In this manner it will beseen that 380 appears through the slot 8, and which is the sum total of256 and 124. In reading` this sum total, the numeral 10 of the firstbelt appearing through the slot 8 should only be read as a cipherdisregarding the one, which was carried, in adding the second column of256 and 124.

1f it is desired to subtract 43 from 125, the difference being 82, thepencil point is inserted in the aperture below the numeral (which is 3)opposite the numeral 3 of the stationary column of numerals 1 to 18.Pull the first belt down until the pencil contacts with the lower edgeof the slot, and if space upon the drawing would permit it, the numeral5 (which is the number from which 3 is being subtracted) would appearopposite the numeral 2 (which is the di fference in subtracting 8 from5) of the stationary column of numerals 1 to 18. Then by inserting thepencil in the aperture below the numeral (which is 4) of the second beltopposite 4 of the second column of stationary numerals 1 to 18, afterwhich the second belt may be pulled down until the pencil contacts withthe lower edge of the slot. 1f space would permit, it would be seen thatthe numeral 12 (which is the number from which 4 is being subtracted)would appear opposite the numeral 8 (which is the difference insubtracting 4 from 12) of the stationary column of numerals 1 to 18. 1nreading the difference in subtracting small numbers, the answer is readfrom the stationary columns of numerals, thus if space would permit itcould be seen that 82-could be read from the first and second columns ofnumerals 1 to 18, the 8 being opposite 12 of the second belt and 2opposite the 5 of the first belt.

Upon the face of the box is provided a series of spring arms 14, thefree ends of which have lugs 15, which enter apertures 1o' of the faceof the box. These lugs 15 have rounded ends, which extend into theperforations 13, in order to prevent slipping of the belts after beingmoved. However, owing to the rounded ends the belts will ride past thelugs 15 when suilicient pressure is applied, the spring arms yieldingsuiliciently to permit the same. The belts will also slightly give inriding ovei said lugs 15.

The invention having been set forth, what is claimed as new and usefulis :w

1n a calculating device, a boX like structure, the front face of whichis provided with vertical spaces, a column of spaces numbered. 1 to 18inclusive on the lower right hand portion of each vertical space, thefront face of the boi: like structure being provided with a plurality ofvertical slots, one being located inthe lower portion of each verticalspace to the left of the column of spaces 1 to 18, the front face of thebox having a transverse slot into which said vertical slots merge,shafts mounted in bearings in the upper and lower portions of the boxand provided with a plurality of cog wheels, endless belts having seriesof apertures or perforations throughout their length traveling aboutsaid wheels, the apertures or perfcrations receiving said cogs, eachendless belt havin a series of numerals from 1 to 150 alternating withthe apertures and adapted to coperate with the numerals 1 to 18 of thenumbered spaces above mentioned, whereby problems in addition may beperformed, the sum total of a problem in addition designed to appear inthe lower ends of said vertical slots, when the belts are moved toeffect a problem, said. perforations or apertures constituting means toreceive a pencil point to move the belts,

spring devices on the face of the box having name to this specificationin the presence of means to pjenetrate thi?l face of the box to e111-tWo subscribing Witnesses. ter the per orations o the belts, whereby t1e belts may be moved a numeral at a time, the LABAN TAYLOR FREEMAN' 5belts operating adjacent to and in the rear Witnesses:

of said vertical slots. J. D. HARDIN,

In testimony whereof I have signed my J. C. NANCE.

copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

